The rise in vegetarianism among athletes has sparked interest in how plant-based diets influence sports performance. A recent systematic review by Hernández-Lougedo et al. explored this relationship, analyzing six studies to compare omnivorous and vegetarian athletes.
Key Findings
The review found no significant differences in physical performance metrics, such as VO2 max, muscle power, sprint speed, or adherence to exercise. Health indicators, including body composition, psychological well-being, and social relationships, were also similar between the two groups.
However, dietary patterns varied. Vegetarian athletes consumed significantly more carbohydrates but less protein than their omnivorous counterparts. This distinction could affect energy availability and recovery, although no direct performance impacts were observed in the studies reviewed.
What This Means for Athletes
For athletes considering a vegetarian diet, the evidence suggests it’s possible to maintain performance levels comparable to those on omnivorous diets. Proper planning is essential to ensure adequate protein intake and meet nutritional needs, particularly for high-intensity or endurance activities.
The Research Gap
The authors concluded that current research does not definitively establish a link between vegetarian diets and enhanced sports performance. They called for further studies to explore this topic in greater depth, particularly focusing on long-term effects and varied athletic disciplines.
For now, athletes can choose a vegetarian diet without fear of compromising performance, as long as they maintain a well-balanced and nutrient-dense diet.
Sources
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960356/ Assessed and Endorsed by the MedReport Medical Review Board