If there is one part of the human body to thank for protecting you, it should be the immune system. The immune system is like the defense system for our bodies, working everyday against harmful invaders such as viruses, pathogens, bacteria, and parasites. It consists of a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to recognize and fight off foreign substances that may enter the body. When an invading microorganism enters the body, the immune system gets ready to launch coordinated attacks to neutralize and limit the risk of illnesses from the pathogens.
At the core of the immune system are white blood cells, which are the most proactive at patrolling the bloodstream in search of any new substances that come into contact with the body. Under the umbrella term for white blood cells, there are a few different types that include: T cells (lymphocytes), B cells, and macrophages. T cells directly attack and destroy cells that have been infected. Helper T cells coordinate immune responses by releasing chemical messengers called cytokines to activate immune cells. Cytotoxic T cells directly attack and kill infected or cancerous cells. Regulatory T cells help control immune responses to make sure they don't get too aggressive and cause damage. B cells start creating antibodies that specifically target and neutralize pathogens. Memory B cells provide long-lasting immunity by remembering the encounters with the pathogens. Macrophages are like the cleanup crew of the team; they engulf and digest any foreign invader that they come across in the system. They can also present antigens to T cells which help activate and regulate adaptive immune responses.
Taking this brief, but important description of the immune system's role in the body, it is vital to prevent germs entering the body in the first place. One of the simplest forms and most effective ways to prevent germs from gaining entry by practicing good hygiene habits, such as washing hands with water and soap frequently. Additionally, keeping a distance from sick individuals, covering coughs and sneezes, and disinfecting surfaces help limit the spreading of illnesses. A well balanced diet, physical activity, and regular doctor checkups can also help keep the immune system in healthy conditions. Vaccines and shots can be given by doctors to prevent catching a viral illness. By taking these preventive measures and prioritizing immune system care, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of infections and promote overall well-being. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/the-immune-system Assessed and Endorsed by the MedReport Medical Review Board