With the number of people diagnosed with ADHD increasing in recent times, the use of Adderall has become more common. However, the rising demand for the drug has sparked debates over improper prescribing practices and potential misuse of the drug.
What is Adderall?
The combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, more commonly known as Adderall, is used to treat conditions such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is a central nervous system stimulant that is only available via prescription by a healthcare provider.
Mechanism and Benefits
Adderall primarily blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin into the presynaptic neuron while also increasing the release of these neurotransmitters into the synapse. In turn, those who take Adderall may experience an improvement in focus and concentration for those with ADHD while those who have narcolepsy may have less daytime sleepiness. These effects typically last from 4 to 6 hours for immediate-release (IR) Adderall, though the extended-release (XR) may last for up to 12 hours. It is taken orally, with the frequency varying depending on whether it is IR or XR.
Side Effects and Risks
It is important to note that those who take Adderall may experience side effects such as decreased appetite, weight loss, dry mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, diarrhea, fever, anxiety, and insomnia. To avoid sleep problems, it is recommended that Adderall is taken earlier in the day. Misuse of Adderall can also result in cardiac problems or increased blood pressure.
Those who take Adderall frequently may also develop a dependence on it and suffer from withdrawal symptoms if taken off of it. These symptoms may include mood changes, fatigue, and sleep problems. The risk of developing a dependance is higher if the individual is diagnosed with substance abuse disorder.
In order to avoid any complications, it is important to take Adderall as directed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
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