Diabetes is a growing concern worldwide, with the number of cases skyrocketing from 150 million in 2000 - to - 537 million in 2021.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 1.5 million deaths annually due to diabetes. If appropriate measures are not taken, these numbers could rise to 783 million individuals by 2045.
Geographical Disparities in diabetes prevalence
The good news is, that a stabilizing or declining diabetes rate is observed in high-income countries. But, the situation is starkly different in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Studies indicate that low- and middle-income countries contribute to nearly 94% of the rise in diabetes cases.
Why are middle- or low-income countries experiencing a rise in diabetes cases?
The rise in the cases of diabetes can be attributed to factors like
rapid urbanization,
increasingly sedentary lifestyles, and
unhealthy dietary changes.
There is a significant gap in diabetes prevention efforts in LMICs, including counseling for physical activity, weight control, diet, and regular blood glucose monitoring. Additionally, appropriate diabetes treatment coverage is alarmingly inadequate
But, a potentially overlooked factor, that might also be contributing to this alarming trend is vitamin B12 deficiency.
Possible link between Vitamin B12 deficiency and Diabetes
Research suggests a link between B12 deficiency and increased complications in individuals with diabetes, especially those taking metformin, a common diabetes medication.
Unlike high-income countries, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often face pre-existing issues with B12 deficiency. This deficiency is prevalent even in the general population.
This, coupled with the potential for medication-induced deficiency, creates a double threat for individuals with diabetes living in these regions.
The American Diabetes Association acknowledges the importance of B12 supplementation for those with diabetes-related deficiency. Therefore, integrating routine B12 screening and supplementation into standard diabetes care is crucial, particularly in LMICs.
What can be done?
To tackle this challenge, a multifaceted approach is needed:
LMICs: Prioritize preventive measures like education and increased access to healthy lifestyle resources, along with affordable diabetes treatment. Additionally, they should integrate B12 assessment and supplementation into their diabetes management programs.
Individuals: If you have diabetes, especially if you take metformin, discuss B12 screening with your doctor to assess your individual needs.
Healthcare professionals: Advocate for comprehensive diabetes management programs that include B12 monitoring and consider local dietary and cultural aspects when providing nutritional guidance.
Together, by raising awareness, promoting healthy lifestyles, and advocating for comprehensive diabetes management, we can change the course of the global diabetes epidemic. Let's work towards a healthier future for all.
Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8986136/ Assessed and Endorsed by the MedReport Medical Review Board